Research On the Application of Artificial Intelligence in International Education: Literature Review

Authors

  • XINGYUAN KONG
  • Nurul Nadiah Sahimi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64321/jcr.v2i5.03

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence, International education, Education policy, Literature Review

Abstract

Currently, the digital transformation and intelligent upgrading of education are developing at an accelerating pace. Artificial intelligence technology has begun to be fully and deeply integrated with all aspects of education and teaching, creating a new form of smart education. This article, through a literature review, explores and analyzes the development process, policies and educational practices of artificial intelligence in the field of education in the United States, Singapore, Germany, the United Kingdom and China. This article discusses how national policies and educational practices in five countries can be integrated and innovatively developed, analyzes the common features and differences in the development of artificial intelligence education, and points out the potential and advantages of artificial intelligence in the field of education. Finally, this paper proposes the future development direction of artificial intelligence and educational practice, providing a reference for the deep integration of artificial intelligence and the education field on a global scale.

Author Biographies

XINGYUAN KONG

Graduate School of Management, Postgraduate Centre, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Xingzhi College, Zhejiang Normal University,321000, Zhejiang, China

Nurul Nadiah Sahimi

Postgraduate Centre, Management and Science University, 40100, Malaysia

References

Carbonell, J.R. (1970) ‘AI in computer-assisted instruction: The ICAI vision’, Journal of Educational Technology, 12(3), pp. 23–35.

Gong, C. (2024) ‘Responsible AI and U.S. diplomacy: An analysis of the Enterprise AI Strategy 2024–2025’, Journal of Technology and Diplomacy, 15(2), pp. 45–54.

Kang, C. and Li, B. (2024) ‘Digital transformation and AI integration in Singapore education’, Asia-Pacific Education Review, 25(1), pp. 55–66.

Xu, P., Zhang, Y. and Lim, H. (2022) ‘Teacher recruitment and training reform in AI-based education in Singapore’, International Journal of Educational Technology, 19(3), pp. 233–245.

Hu, L. (2024) ‘Generative AI and data privacy in UK education policy’, British Journal of Educational Technology, 55(8), pp. 1432–1440.

Shen, Y. (2024) ‘The human–AI trust crisis in education: Risks of machine learning in classrooms’, Educational Theory and Practice, 44(10), pp. 58–65.

Wang, C., Li, N. and Sun, H. (2021) ‘Digital technologies and the internationalisation of German higher education in the post-pandemic era’, International Higher Education Studies, 39(6), pp. 54–61.

Wu, R. and Chen, Z. (2023) ‘Global opportunities in digital higher education: Lessons from Germany’, Journal of Educational Studies, 19(3), pp. 27–36.

Gui, X. (2023) ‘Digital transformation and AI development in German universities’, Modern University Education, 41(4), pp. 82–89.

Wang, T. (2023) ‘ChatGPT and self-directed learning: Innovations in learner-centred education’, Open Education Research, 29(5), pp. 15–22.

Xiao, X. and Xu, S. (2023) ‘AI policy in Germany: Stakeholders, society, and sustainability’, European Studies, 41(3), pp. 101–110.

Peng, Y. and Kong, Y. (2024) ‘AI ethics labels in Germany: From principle to practice’, Science, Technology and Society, 19(2), pp. 66–74.

Ji, X. (2020) ‘Artificial intelligence as a branch of interdisciplinary education’, E-education Research, 41(3), pp. 55–62.

Li, Z. (2020) ‘Two pathways of AI and education: Intelligent education and intelligentised education’, China Distance Education, 38(12), pp. 18–26.

Yan, H. (2024) ‘AI-driven education management in Chinese universities’, Journal of Educational Management, 12(2), pp. 98–107.

Lu, Y. (2024) ‘Applications and advantages of AI in teaching and learning’, Frontiers of Education in China, 19(1), pp. 44–53.

Wang, T., Zhang, W. and Liu, Y. (2023) ‘AI in classroom practice: Efficiency, innovation, and pedagogy’, Educational Theory and Practice, 43(8), pp. 73–80.

Gu, J. (2025) ‘Artificial intelligence in high school education: Opportunities and challenges’, Journal of Modern Education Studies, 17(1), pp. 112–120.

Downloads

Published

2025-09-09

How to Cite

XINGYUAN KONG, & Nurul Nadiah Sahimi. (2025). Research On the Application of Artificial Intelligence in International Education: Literature Review. Journal of Current Research and Studies, 2(5), 26–33. https://doi.org/10.64321/jcr.v2i5.03