From Agitation to Insecurity: Examining the Impact of Violent Conflict on Development in South-East, Nigeria

Abstract

The south-east zone of Nigeria has, over the years, experienced war, conflicts, insecurity and underdevelopment, all threatening the livelihoods of its population. These are occasioned by historical grievances, marginalisation and socio-economic underdevelopment. The region traditionally feels industriously populated, hence the tension from separatist agitations and the government’s general development deficiencies. These have all fuelled insecurity, communal violence and a general rise in crime, leading to a drop in social activities and cohesion. The rise of the IPOB movement and other groups within the region seeking self-government has reignited tensions and led to confrontations with the government security forces. These confrontations have led to disruptions of commercial activities. This study explores the intricate relationships between conflict, security and development in the region. With a content approach, key drivers and consequences were identified, such as poor infrastructure, unemployment, and lower business activities. These have fuelled the cycle of insecurity and underdevelopment. Other factors, including international and national, such as the global/national economic downturn, national policy on development. It is recommended that the government engage the communities, diversify the economy and review the separatist demands for lasting security and development of the region.