Prevalence and Factors Associated with Eye Diseases Among Diabetic Patients Attending GOPD Clinic of Isolo General Hospital, Lagos State.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64321/jcr.v3i1.03Keywords:
Determinants, Diabetic patients, Family medicine clinic, Prevalence, Eye diseaseAbstract
Background information: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic clinical syndrome characterized by high blood glucose because of insulin deficiency either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces; insulin is a hormone that controls the metabolism of glucose, fat and amino acids. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar. Individual with diabetes mellitus suffer a reduced life expectancy and quality of life part of which is visual impairment.
Objective: Objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and identify the determinants of eye diseases among diabetic patients attending GOPD clinic of Isolo General Hospital, Lagos State.
Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive study design was used. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to gather information from Two hundred and eighty diabetic patients attending GOPD clinic of Isolo General Hospital, Lagos State, selected through convenience sampling technique. Information were collected using a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics was done for all variables; association was done by using Chi-square test and logistic regression and level of significance was set at p <0.05.
Results: A total of 280 diabetic patients were interviewed with a mean age +SD of (58.4 ±6.2) years. Majority (79%) of the respondents had good knowledge about diabetes and eye disease their religion, marital status, family size and employment status were significantly associated with respondents’ knowledge about diabetes and eye disease with p<0.05. Many of the respondents were first diagnosed with diabetes at over 50 years (61.7%) were on oral hypoglycaemic agents (71.1%) with 38.3% being very good in adherence to their medications while 102 respondents had ever had eye examinations and only 9.8% of this had it every 6 months.
The prevalence of visual impairment and severe visual impairment from this study are 10.1% and 1.4% respectively. Respondents age, sex, religion, marital status, family type, educational status, family size, employment status, OGGT, Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist and Hip Ratio (WHR) were significantly associated with visual acuity status with p<0.05. Therefore, diabetic patients should have regular eye examinations (at least once in 6 months). Those who have co-existing hypertension should attend clinics regularly and take their drugs as at when due.
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